Hypogea and Catacombs: the Paleochristian era

Crypt of San Marciano

The crypt of San Marciano is located in a site that was, in the classical Greek period, first a stone quarry and later, in the late Hellenistic period, a potter’s workshop. The current elements of the crypt can be traced back to the 9th century, but these are clearly an integral redefinition of a much older structure, dating back to the 5th or 6th century, of which very little remains.
In 68 AD, according to Christian tradition, the underground church was broken open to house the remains of St. Marciano , the first bishop of Syracuse, sent by St. Peter in the year 39 AD to preach the Gospel and found the first Christian community in the Western world.
The crypt is now in the irregular form of a Byzantine church with a Greek cross plan and three apses with a hemispherical vault.
La Cripta di San Marciano Between the central and southern apse there is a space that houses an arcosolium tomb, an arch-shaped burial structure surmounted by a niche and carved into the wall, with faint ornamental designs: it was the sarcophagus that held the remains of St. Marcian. Of the ancient archaeological findings, some apses and the remains of the opus sectile flooring are visible today.
In Norman times four marble capitals were introduced at the corners of the nave, symbolising the Evangelists, and are set on stone pillars.
The rock face was also covered with and decorative motifs frescoes . Today the walls of the crypt have several layers of plaster where you can see the remnants of several superimposed paintings.

The Culture of Pantalica

The Dionysian Walls: a masterpiece of Greek engineering

Traces of Christianity in Syracuse

The Senatorial Palace

Temple of Apollo

The catacombs of San Giovanni

The Greek Theatre of Syracuse

The Church of San Giovanni alle Catacombe

Crypt of San Marciano

The Roman Amphitheatre

Castello Maniace

Giudecca, the hidden Jewish heart of Syracuse

Neapolis from past to present

King Hyblon’s kingdom: Pantalica, between history and legend

The Athenaion of the tyrant Gelon

Inside the Cathedral of Ortygia

The Ear of Dionysius and the Grotta dei Cordari

The Venationes

The Church of St. Lucia to the Abbey

The Gladiator performances

Legends and magic echoes in the Latomie of Syracuse

Pantalica: where nature and history merge

Ortygia. Venus rising from the waters of the port

The Euryalus Fortress

The cultural significance of tragedy

The architecture of the Piazza

Syracuse during the tyranny of Dionysius

The Museion and the Grotta del Ninfeo

The Altar of Hieron II: Blood and fire place

Roman Syracuse, a military power thanks to the genius of Archimedes

The Cathedral of Syracuse

The Spanish fortification

The Jews, a wandering people

Where seas and civilisations meet

The functions of Castello Maniace

Byzantine Pantalica

Piazza del Duomo, a sacred place of the ancient Greeks